Статьи
The article is devoted to priority solutions for launching systemic transformations of managerial education for the technological breakthrough. The basis for the development of such decisions was the scientific direction “Proactive Management in Actively Developing Industries and Economic Sectors”, in which the authors work, and the experience in creating educational products that meet the latest trends, including those that have appeared recently.
The research methodology included analysis of scientific literature on the problems of complex systems development, proactive management and anticipatory training, systematization of educational practices for managers in foreign and domestic universities, conducting surveys of experts – heads of Russian large industrial enterprises, professors and students.
The key reasons for the unsatisfactory state of management education are identified and a set of recommendations for its reform has been developed. Changes in organizational models of managerial education are proposed, the principles of implementing fundamental training and enhancing the humanization of education with a simultaneous increase in the level of knowledge of the scientific and technical foundations of production process are formulated. The conditions of increasing the effectiveness of students' practical training are considered, the forms of its implementation are determined to ensure the readiness of graduates to work in managerial positions. The results of long-term studies of anticipatory training, from managers at the lower levels to directors of large companies, are carried out. These results were obtained in the scientific and educational center “INZHEK” of the Ural Federal University and tested at various levels of management education (bachelor's, master's degrees).
The results of the study are of practical interest to managers and professors of universities, business schools and corporate universities, as well as to top managers of business structures involved in improving personnel training.
Paper is devoted to interrelation research between investments in technology of the fourth industrial revolution, patterns of innovative behavior and productivity of the Russian industrial companies. Research is conducted on the basis of data of 576 industrial companies (874 respondents).
At the first investigation phase it is confirmed that technologies of the industry have the greatest impact on increase of productivity and transformation of industrial production 4.0: robotics, Internet of things, additive production, big data and analytics, cybersecurity. Besides, effects of introduction of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution are defined: financial, valuable, operational, innovative and technological development.
At the second investigation phase the interrelation analysis between investments is carried out to technologies of the industry 4.0, patterns of innovative behavior and productivity of the industrial companies with use of the modified CDM model. The received empirical results have shown that investments of the industrial companies in technology of the fourth industrial revolution increase productivity with elasticity 0,28 for high-tech industries; 0,21 – for the middle-technology, and 0,14 – for low-technology.
Investments in innovative activity have elasticity range from 0,04 (for low volumes of investments in new technologies) to 0,17 (at the high volumes of investments); the relations between investments in an innovation and growth of productivity aren't linear and have stable positive relation only after a certain critical mass of investments in new technologies is reached. Considerable influence on interrelation of investments in innovations and productivity is rendered by the characteristic of branch in which the company works: the firms working in high-tech industries, not only put in new technologies, innovative activity more, but also have more high efficiency caused by scientific researches and development; the companies of low-technology branches have negative elasticity of investments in innovations and productivity that is connected with influence of effect of unprofitability of investments into innovations (appropriability effect), that is the additional profit on investment isn't essential.
The article is devoted to the problem of defining and measuring risk in compliance management - an important management function of a company aimed at complying with laws and ethical norms. A general definition of risk from the theory of probability and various approaches to understanding risk in the literature on risk management are considered, then the definition of compliance risk and ways to managing this risk in compliance management are explored. The problem of quantitative measurement of compliance risks and some methods of its solution are described. The authors analyze the approaches of several international companies (in the mining industry, oil and gas industry, mobile communications, FMCG) to measuring or assessing compliance risks, as well as organizing compliance risk management in practice (organizational structures, processes, etc.). The work also discussed the concept of risk appetite, that characterizes the willingness of an organization to take on a certain positive level of risk, while logically it is poorly compatible with the concept of compliance risk as a risk of violation of the legislation.
The greatest prospects associated with transnational rail freight are determined by the use of containers. In Russian publications, the development of containerized cargo transportation is mainly considered by analyzing the general laws of functioning of international transport corridors. At the same time, aspects affecting infrastructure diagnostics and analysis of the throughput capacity of sections of the railway network are not considered.
The purpose of the study was to identify the characteristics of freight flows in the direction of the EU—EAEU—PRC, to identify infrastructure barriers that slow down the acceleration and increase in the volume of container railway freight transportation, as well as to develop a set of measures aimed at improving the competitiveness of container railway freight transportation along the transport corridors of the Russian Federation.
In the course of the study, infrastructural diagnostics was carried out, which revealed a number of barriers that did not allow realizing the growth potential of transit container cargo transportation.
To remove infrastructure barriers, it is necessary to implement a number of measures, the key of which are measures to increase the capacity of infrastructure at border crossings, increase the speed of trains along the railway networks of JSCo RZD, develop terminal and logistics centers that provide a wide range of services for consignors and consignees.
The development of container rail freight is a strategically important area for the Russian Federation. The well-coordinated work of Russian Railways with private investors and the state in the framework of expanding and modernizing the terminal infrastructure, as well as increasing intermodal interactions, is able to overcome the existing infrastructure barriers and ensure the growth of container transit in the required volumes.
To assess the probability and potential scale of risks associated with sustaining the current model of coal combustion product (CCP) utilization on Russian thermal power plants.
This study adopts a qualitative approach. A panel comprising twenty experts was formed. Experts cores were derived using the Saaty paired comparison matrix.
The results of the study indicate that environmental, social and technological risks are among the most significant. The largest scale of effects can be expected from the potential increase in the negative effects from coal ash landfill to ground waters and the distribution of small-sized ash-slag particles as a source of air pollution.
Previous studies in Russia have largely dealt with technical aspects of CCP recycling or their potential application areas. However, the issues of the potential aftermath of low CCP utilization volume in Russia have not been properly assessed in prior research.
This article discusses the issues of dependence of power engineering in the Russian Federation on imported equipment in general and in the field of gas turbine technologies. The paper describes the features of foreign-made equipment that is operated at the power facilities of the Russian Federation, identifies the countries that produce the installed foreign equipment in the power industry. Possible economic consequences for the energy-intensive industry from the implementation of the program for the modernization of generating equipment within the framework of the import substitution program are estimated. The forecast scenario of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on power consumption in the UNEG and the program for the modernization of generating equipment is also presented.
The article analyzes approaches to the strategic sustainable development of industrial organizations. Based on the review of Russian and foreign literature, three approaches to the strategic sustainable development of industrial organizations were identified: process, system and time approaches.
Based on the analysis of annual reports of Russian industrial organizations, it was possible to identify and systematize the risks that affect the strategic stability of Russian industrial organizations. Among the identified risks, the following risk groups are identified: country risks, legal risks, industry risks, foreign economic risks, market risks, production and technological risks, financial risks, reputational risks, environmental risks, information risks, social risks and strategic risks.
As a result of correlation and regression analysis, the most significant risks affecting the achievement of strategic goals of Russian industrial organizations were identified. These include: country risks, industry risks, and strategic risks. The obtained regression model allows us to predict the degree of achievement of strategic goals of Russian industrial organizations under the influence of various risks.
The article is devoted to the construction of a model of interaction of economic entities using the method of project work of participants in the system “enterprise/employer-University – state” on the technological platform of the meta-University in the conditions of digitalization of the economy, which allows to increase the synergy effect of the interaction of the main institutional participants.
In the context of the impact of digitalization processes on the transformation of behavioral models within the existing economic relations in the VUCA world, new requirements and ways of interaction of subjects of the triple helix model are considered. The article analyzes the main existing and prospective forms of cooperation between universities and business structures. The detailed description of barriers and difficulties on the way of digitalization of enterprises and scientific organizations is given.
For employees of scientific and commercial enterprises in the conditions of digitalization and General increased uncertainty, recommendations are formulated for the choice of a behavior model that adapts their professional identity based on the principles of a proactive position and knowledge and skills at the intersection of different technological directions.
Under the conditions of variability and uncertainty of the environment, a scientific problem has been identified, there is a high interest in collaboration between universities and businesses, but there is no mechanism that allows this interaction to be carried out with a high degree of efficiency.
A set of mechanisms that help reduce the level of uncertainty is proposed, as well as a project method of interaction within the framework of the digital meta-University technology platform model is described.
The article provides recommendations for the full implementation of human capital in the new technological conditions of economic and social development, in the so-called VUCA-world, which is characterized by the lack of a developed digital infrastructure, as well as a high level of transaction costs.
A new approach is proposed, based on which participants will interact on the basis of shared access to information and digital resources and the ability to combine the development of innovative projects and training of personnel necessary to unite the University, enterprises and scientific organizations to reduce transaction, fixed and variable costs of participants in the process.
ISSN 2618-9984 (Online)